INTERNATIONAL PAPER CO /NEW/ | 2013 | FY | 3


GOODWILL

The following tables present changes in the goodwill balances as allocated to each business segment for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012: 
In millions
Industrial
Packaging

 
Printing
Papers

 
Consumer
Packaging

 
Distribution

 
Total

Balance as of January 1, 2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Goodwill
$
3,165

  
$
2,396

  
$
1,783

  
$
400

 
$
7,744

Accumulated impairment losses (a)
—

  
(1,765
)
 
(1,664
)
 
—

 
(3,429
)
 
3,165

  
631

  
119

  
400

 
4,315

Reclassifications and other (b)
(28
)
 
(63
)
 
3

  
—

 
(88
)
Additions/reductions
293

(c) 
(22
)
(d) 
1


—

 
272

Impairment loss
—

 
(112
)
(e)
—

 
(400
)
(e)
(512
)
Balance as of December 31, 2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Goodwill
3,430

  
2,311

  
1,787

  
400

 
7,928

Accumulated impairment losses (a)
—

  
(1,877
)
 
(1,664
)
 
(400
)
 
(3,941
)
Total
$
3,430

  
$
434

  
$
123

  
$
—

 
$
3,987


(a)
Represents accumulated goodwill impairment charges since the adoption of ASC 350, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other” in 2002.
(b)
Represents the effects of foreign currency translations and reclassifications.
(c)
Reflects $260 million for Orsa IP, the newly formed joint venture in Brazil and the adjustment of $54 million ($33 million after-tax) previously included as a trade name intangible asset in Deferred Charges and Other Assets on the balance sheet.
(d)
Reflects a reduction from tax benefits generated by the deduction of goodwill amortization for tax purposes in Brazil.
(e)
Represents the impairment of goodwill for the India Papers business and xpedx.

In millions
Industrial
Packaging

 
Printing
Papers

 
Consumer
Packaging

 
Distribution

Total

Balance as of January 1, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Goodwill
$
1,157

  
$
2,439

  
$
1,779

  
$
400

$
5,775

Accumulated impairment losses (a)
—

  
(1,765
)
 
(1,664
)
 
—

(3,429
)
 
1,157

  
674

  
115

 
400

2,346

Reclassifications and other (b)
1

 
(40
)
 
1

  
—

(38
)
Additions/reductions
2,007

(c) 
(3
)
(d) 
3

(e) 
—

2,007

Balance as of December 31, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Goodwill
3,165

  
2,396

  
1,783

 
400

7,744

Accumulated impairment losses (a)
—

  
(1,765
)
 
(1,664
)
 
—

(3,429
)
Total
$
3,165

  
$
631

  
$
119

 
$
400

$
4,315


(a)
Represents accumulated goodwill impairment charges since the adoption of ASC 350, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other” in 2002.
(b)
Represents the effects of foreign currency translations and reclassifications.
(c)
Reflects the acquisition of Temple-Inland, net of amounts written off related to the divestiture of two Temple-Inland mills (Ontario, California and New Johnsonville, Tennessee) and one International Paper mill (Oxnard, (Hueneme), California). Also excludes the goodwill for Building Products which was reclassified to Businesses Held for Sale.
(d)
Reflects an increase related to a purchase price adjustment of Andhra Pradesh Paper Mills in India partially offset by a reduction from tax benefits generated by the deduction of goodwill amortization for tax purposes in Brazil.
(e)
Represents the impact of the change in estimate of the contributed land in the Shandong IP & Sun Food Packaging Co., Ltd. joint venture in China entered into in 2011.

In the fourth quarter of 2013, in conjunction with the annual testing of its reporting units for possible goodwill impairments, the Company calculated the estimated fair value of its India Papers business using the discounted future cash flows and determined that all of the goodwill of this business, totaling $112 million, should be written off. The decline in the fair value of the India Papers reporting unit and resulting impairment charge was due to a change in the strategic outlook for the India Papers operations.

Also in the fourth quarter of 2013, the Company calculated the estimated fair value of its xpedx business using the discounted future cash flows and wrote off all of the goodwill of its xpedx business, totaling $400 million. The decline in fair value of the xpedx reporting unit and resulting impairment charge was due to a significant decline in earnings and a change in the strategic outlook for the xpedx operations.

As a result, during the fourth quarter of 2013, the Company recorded a total goodwill impairment charge of $512 million, representing all of the recorded goodwill of the xpedx business and the India Papers business.

No goodwill impairment charges were recorded in 2012 or 2011.

OTHER INTANGIBLES

Identifiable intangible assets comprised the following: 

  
2013
 
2012
 
In millions at
December 31
Gross
Carrying
Amount

 
Accumulated
Amortization

Gross
Carrying
Amount

Accumulated
Amortization

Customer relationships and lists
$
602

 
$
139

$
644

$
112

Non-compete agreements
76

 
46

83

30

Tradenames, patents and trademarks
67

(a)
33

144

16

Land and water rights
76

 
5

87

6

Fuel and power agreements
7

 
2

17

12

Software
17

 
15

22

19

Other
75

 
32

83

19

Total
$
920

 
$
272

$
1,080

$
214


(a)
Includes $15 million recorded to write-off a tradename intangible asset of the Company's India Papers business. This amount is included in Impairment of goodwill and other intangibles in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations.

The Company recognized the following amounts as amortization expense related to intangible assets: 
In millions
2013

2012

2011

Amortization expense related to intangible assets
$
87

$
58

$
32



Based on current intangibles subject to amortization, estimated amortization expense for each of the succeeding years is as follows: 2014 – $60 million, 2015 – $59 million, 2016 – $58 million, 2017 – $56 million, 2018 – $50 million, and cumulatively thereafter – $365 million.

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