| 8. | Equity investments and other investments |
Equity investments in non-consolidated businesses were $40,686 and $35,150 at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. During 2013, 2012 and 2011, the Company recognized income of $34,558, $16,377 and $8,776, respectively, relating to equity investments in non-consolidated businesses under the equity method of accounting. In 2013 and 2012, the Company’s equity method investment income included $22,758 and $4,980, respectively, of equity income from HCP’s equity investments. During 2013, the Company purchased $5,000 of preferred stock in a privately held company that is accounted for under the cost method as this investment does not have a readily determinable fair value.