Note 12 — Post-Employment Benefits
Retirement plans consist of defined benefit, defined contribution and medical and dental plans. Information for Abbott's major defined benefit plans and post-employment medical and dental benefit plans is as follows:
|
Defined Benefit Plans |
Medical and Dental Plans |
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(in millions) |
2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||
Projected benefit obligations, January 1 |
$ | 11,322 | $ | 9,212 | $ | 1,889 | $ | 1,657 | |||||
Service cost — benefits earned during the year |
303 | 389 | 43 | 61 | |||||||||
Interest cost on projected benefit obligations |
276 | 460 | 59 | 81 | |||||||||
(Gains) losses, primarily changes in discount rates, plan design changes, law changes and differences between actual and estimated health care costs |
(650 | ) | 1,461 | (156 | ) | 148 | |||||||
Benefits paid |
(185 | ) | (308 | ) | (60 | ) | (63 | ) | |||||
Separation of AbbVie Inc. |
(4,654 | ) | — | (450 | ) | — | |||||||
Other, including foreign currency translation |
20 | 108 | (28 | ) | 5 | ||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Projected benefit obligations, December 31 |
$ | 6,432 | $ | 11,322 | $ | 1,297 | $ | 1,889 | |||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Plan assets at fair value, January 1 |
$ | 7,949 | $ | 6,961 | $ | 417 | $ | 389 | |||||
Actual return on plans' assets |
727 | 878 | 61 | 48 | |||||||||
Company contributions |
724 | 379 | 40 | 40 | |||||||||
Benefits paid |
(185 | ) | (302 | ) | (56 | ) | (60 | ) | |||||
Separation of AbbVie Inc. |
(3,107 | ) | — | — | — | ||||||||
Other, primarily foreign currency translation |
15 | 33 | — | — | |||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Plan assets at fair value, December 31 |
$ | 6,123 | $ | 7,949 | $ | 462 | $ | 417 | |||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Projected benefit obligations greater than plan assets, December 31 |
$ | (309 | ) | $ | (3,373 | ) | $ | (835 | ) | $ | (1,472 | ) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Long-term assets |
$ | 685 | $ | 69 | $ | — | $ | — | |||||
Short-term liabilities |
(11 | ) | (43 | ) | — | — | |||||||
Long-term liabilities |
(983 | ) | (3,399 | ) | (835 | ) | (1,472 | ) | |||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net liability |
$ | (309 | ) | $ | (3,373 | ) | $ | (835 | ) | $ | (1,472 | ) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Amounts Recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (loss): |
|||||||||||||
Actuarial losses, net |
$ | 1,791 | $ | 4,923 | $ | 334 | $ | 701 | |||||
Prior service cost (credits) |
20 | 61 | (252 | ) | (322 | ) | |||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total |
$ | 1,811 | $ | 4,984 | $ | 82 | $ | 379 | |||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
In connection with separation of AbbVie on January 1, 2013, Abbott transferred to AbbVie Accumulated other comprehensive losses, net of income taxes, of approximately $1.4 billion. The projected benefit obligations for non-U.S. defined benefit plans was $2.0 billion and $3.1 billion at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The accumulated benefit obligations for all defined benefit plans were $5.5 billion and $9.6 billion at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
For plans where the accumulated benefit obligations exceeded plan assets at December 31, 2013 and 2012, the aggregate accumulated benefit obligations, the projected benefit obligations and the aggregate plan assets were as follows:
(in millions) |
2013 | 2012 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Accumulated benefit obligation |
$ | 408 | $ | 8,100 | |||
Projected benefit obligation |
505 | 9,619 | |||||
Fair value of plan assets |
— | 6,243 |
In 2011, $776 million of assets and liabilities of a plan sponsored by Abbott Healthcare BV, a Dutch subsidiary of Abbott Laboratories, were irrevocably transferred to a Dutch insurance company in full settlement of that plan. The assets were used to purchase an annuity contract to fulfill the plan's obligations.
The components of the net periodic benefit cost were as follows:
|
Defined Benefit Plans | Medical and Dental Plans |
|||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||||
|
(in millions) |
||||||||||||||||||
Service cost — benefits earned during the year |
$ | 303 | $ | 389 | $ | 332 | $ | 43 | $ | 61 | $ | 55 | |||||||
Interest cost on projected benefit obligations |
276 | 460 | 446 | 59 | 81 | 88 | |||||||||||||
Expected return on plans' assets |
(396 | ) | (611 | ) | (608 | ) | (36 | ) | (33 | ) | (34 | ) | |||||||
Settlement |
— | — | 40 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||
Amortization of actuarial losses |
169 | 244 | 163 | 34 | 34 | 38 | |||||||||||||
Amortization of prior service cost (credits) |
3 | 2 | 4 | (35 | ) | (42 | ) | (42 | ) | ||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total cost |
355 | 484 | 377 | 65 | 101 | 105 | |||||||||||||
Less: Discontinued operations |
— | (206 | ) | (176 | ) | — | (48 | ) | (49 | ) | |||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cost — continuing operations |
$ | 355 | $ | 278 | $ | 201 | $ | 65 | $ | 53 | $ | 56 | |||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other comprehensive income (loss) for each respective year includes the amortization of actuarial losses and prior service costs (credits) as noted in the previous table. Other comprehensive income (loss) for each respective year also includes: net actuarial gains and prior service credits of $995 million for defined benefit plans and $201 million for medical and dental plans in 2013; net actuarial losses of $1.2 billion for defined benefit plans and net actuarial losses of $134 million for medical and dental plans in 2012; and net actuarial losses of $1.1 billion for defined benefit plans and net actuarial gains of $66 million for medical and dental plans in 2011. The actuarial losses for 2012 and 2011 related to the businesses transferred to AbbVie as part of the separation were $167 million and $19 million, respectively; prior service costs were not significant.
The pretax amount of actuarial losses and prior service cost (credits) included in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at December 31, 2013 that is expected to be recognized in the net periodic benefit cost in 2014 is $102 million and $2 million of expense, respectively, for defined benefit pension plans and $17 million of expense and $37 million of income, respectively, for medical and dental plans.
The weighted average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations for defined benefit plans and medical and dental plans are as follows:
|
2013 | 2012 | 2011 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Discount rate |
4.9 | % | 4.3 | % | 5.0 | % | ||||
Expected aggregate average long-term change in compensation |
5.0 | % | 5.3 | % | 5.3 | % |
The weighted average assumptions used to determine the net cost for defined benefit plans and medical and dental plans are as follows:
|
2013 | 2012 | 2011 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Discount rate |
4.2 | % | 5.0 | % | 5.4 | % | ||||
Expected return on plan assets |
7.8 | % | 8.0 | % | 7.8 | % | ||||
Expected aggregate average long-term change in compensation |
5.0 | % | 5.3 | % | 5.1 | % |
The assumed health care cost trend rates for medical and dental plans at December 31 were as follows:
|
2013 | 2012 | 2011 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Health care cost trend rate assumed for the next year |
7 | % | 7 | % | 7 | % | ||||
Rate that the cost trend rate gradually declines to |
5 | % | 5 | % | 5 | % | ||||
Year that rate reaches the assumed ultimate rate |
2019 | 2019 | 2019 |
The discount rates used to measure liabilities were determined based on high-quality fixed income securities that match the duration of the expected retiree benefits. The health care cost trend rates represent Abbott's expected annual rates of change in the cost of health care benefits and is a forward projection of health care costs as of the measurement date. A one-percentage point increase/(decrease) in the assumed health care cost trend rate would increase/(decrease) the accumulated post-employment benefit obligations as of December 31, 2013, by $177 million /$(146) million, and the total of the service and interest cost components of net post-employment health care cost for the year then ended by approximately $18 million/$(14) million.
The following table summarizes the bases used to measure the defined benefit and medical and dental plan assets at fair value:
|
|
Basis of Fair Value Measurement | |||||||||||
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|
Outstanding Balances |
Quoted Prices in Active Markets |
Significant Other Observable Inputs |
Significant Unobservable Inputs |
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|
(in millions) |
||||||||||||
December 31, 2013: |
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Equities: |
|||||||||||||
U.S. large cap (a) |
$ | 1,618 | $ | 741 | $ | 877 | $ | — | |||||
U.S. mid cap (b) |
409 | 134 | 275 | — | |||||||||
International (c) |
1,319 | 608 | 711 | — | |||||||||
Fixed income securities: |
|||||||||||||
U.S. government securities (d) |
453 | 61 | 392 | — | |||||||||
Corporate debt instruments (e) |
378 | 108 | 270 | — | |||||||||
Non-U.S. government securities (f) |
536 | 305 | 231 | — | |||||||||
Other (g) |
77 | 69 | 8 | — | |||||||||
Absolute return funds (h) |
1,474 | 197 | 791 | 486 | |||||||||
Commodities (i) |
170 | 6 | 97 | 67 | |||||||||
Other (j) |
151 | 149 | — | 2 | |||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
$ | 6,585 | $ | 2,378 | $ | 3,652 | $ | 555 | |||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2012: |
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Equities: |
|||||||||||||
U.S. large cap (a) |
$ | 1,831 | $ | 1,058 | $ | 773 | $ | — | |||||
U.S. mid cap (b) |
491 | 133 | 358 | — | |||||||||
International (c) |
1,607 | 657 | 950 | — | |||||||||
Fixed income securities: |
|||||||||||||
U.S. government securities (d) |
899 | 172 | 727 | — | |||||||||
Corporate debt instruments (e) |
736 | 355 | 381 | — | |||||||||
Non-U.S. government securities (f) |
374 | 83 | 291 | — | |||||||||
Other (g) |
24 | — | 24 | — | |||||||||
Absolute return funds (h) |
2,070 | 85 | 1,246 | 739 | |||||||||
Commodities (i) |
222 | 9 | 172 | 41 | |||||||||
Other (j) |
112 | 109 | — | 3 | |||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
$ | 8,366 | $ | 2,661 | $ | 4,922 | $ | 783 | |||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Prior year amounts have been revised to conform with the current year's asset classifications.
Equities that are valued using quoted prices are valued at the published market prices. Equities in a common collective trust or a registered investment company that are valued using significant other observable inputs are valued at the net asset value (NAV) provided by the fund administrator. The NAV is based on the value of the underlying assets owned by the fund minus its liabilities. Fixed income securities that are valued using significant other observable inputs are valued at prices obtained from independent financial service industry-recognized vendors. Absolute return funds and commodities are valued at the NAV provided by the fund administrator. Private energy funds are valued at the NAV provided by the partnership on a one-quarter lag adjusted for known cash flows and significant events through the reporting date.
The following table summarizes the change in the value of assets that are measured using significant unobservable inputs:
|
2013 | 2012 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
(in millions) |
||||||
January 1 |
$ | 783 | $ | 682 | |||
Transfers in (out of) from other categories |
6 | 6 | |||||
Separation of AbbVie, Inc. |
(165 | ) | — | ||||
Actual return on plan assets: |
|||||||
Assets on hand at year end |
29 | 59 | |||||
Assets sold during the year |
51 | (4 | ) | ||||
Purchases, sales and settlements, net |
(149 | ) | 40 | ||||
| | | | | | | |
December 31 |
$ | 555 | $ | 783 | |||
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
The investment mix of equity securities, fixed income and other asset allocation strategies is based upon achieving a desired return, balancing higher return, more volatile equity securities, and lower return, less volatile fixed income securities. Investment allocations are made across a range of markets, industry sectors, capitalization sizes, and in the case of fixed income securities, maturities and credit quality. The plans do not directly hold any securities of Abbott. There are no known significant concentrations of risk in the plans' assets. Abbott's medical and dental plans' assets are invested in a similar mix as the pension plan assets. The actual asset allocation percentages at year end are consistent with the company's targeted asset allocation percentages.
The plans' expected return on assets, as shown above is based on management's expectations of long-term average rates of return to be achieved by the underlying investment portfolios. In establishing this assumption, management considers historical and expected returns for the asset classes in which the plans are invested, as well as current economic and capital market conditions.
Abbott funds its domestic pension plans according to IRS funding limitations. International pension plans are funded according to similar regulations. Abbott funded $724 million in 2013 and $379 million in 2012 to defined pension plans. Abbott expects to contribute approximately $400 million to its pension plans in 2014, of which approximately $300 million relates to its main domestic pension plan.
Total benefit payments expected to be paid to participants, which includes payments funded from company assets, as well as paid from the plans, are as follows:
(in millions) |
Defined Benefit Plans |
Medical and Dental Plans |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2014 |
$ | 186 | $ | 71 | |||
2015 |
198 | 73 | |||||
2016 |
213 | 74 | |||||
2017 |
229 | 76 | |||||
2018 |
249 | 77 | |||||
2019 to 2023 |
1,578 | 417 |
The Abbott Stock Retirement Plan is the principal defined contribution plan. Abbott's contributions to this plan were $86 million in 2013, $150 million in 2012 and $151 million in 2011. The contribution amounts in 2012 and 2011 include amounts associated with the businesses transferred to AbbVie.